面向6G的NTN网络架构演进：从广域覆盖到星地融合服务

摘要：非地面网络（NTN）未来的核心价值将不再局限于广域覆盖，而是需要与地面蜂窝网络深度融合，形成覆盖、容量、连续性和业务保障一体化综合能力。分析了6G NTN的演进逻辑、标准化趋势、总体架构、关键技术体系和工程挑战，并结合非均匀业务分布下的容量调度问题，说明业务感知调度、多星协同、星地负载均衡、预测式移动性管理和AI自治对未来NTN规模商用的重要意义。研究表明，6G NTN需要从“覆盖驱动”的星座建设模式，演进为业务感知、容量增强、确定性保障和星地融合协同的网络建设模式，为全球泛在连接、应急通信、行业数字化和国家战略通信能力提供重要支撑。

关键词：6G；非地面网络；星地融合；业务感知；智能调度

Abstract: Going forward, the core value of non-terrestrial network (NTN) will extend beyond wide-area coverage to deep integration with terrestrial cellular networks, yielding integrated capabilities in coverage, capacity, continuity, and service assurance.This article analyzes the evolution logic, standardization trends, overall architecture, key technologies, and engineering challenges of 6G NTN. It further discusses capacity scheduling under non-uniform traffic distribution, highlighting the importance of service-aware scheduling, multi-satellite cooperation, satellite-terrestrial load balancing, predictive mobility management, and AI-native autonomy. The analysis shows that 6G NTN needs to evolve from a coverage-driven constellation deployment model to a service-aware, capacity-enhanced, deterministic‑service‑guaranteed, and satellite-terrestrial integrated network model, supporting global ubiquitous connectivity, emergency communication, vertical industry digitalization, and national strategic communication capabilities.

Keywords: 6G; non-terrestrial network; satellite-terrestrial integration; service awareness; intelligent scheduling