可重构智能表面辅助的通感一体化系统波束成形设计综述

摘要：可重构智能表面（RIS）技术在通感一体化（ISAC）系统设计中具有重构无线信号传输环境和信号波形调控等优势。针对RIS辅助ISAC系统波束成形的最新研究成果进行系统综述。从无源RIS、有源RIS、混合RIS 3个方面，归纳分析现有波束成形设计的典型优化算法及应用效果，同时分析RIS辅助ISAC系统波束成形设计面临的技术挑战。最后从智能化波束成形、安全隐私优化、能量效率优化、近场传播波束成形设计4个方面，对该领域的未来研究趋势进行展望，为相关后续优化设计提供参考。

关键词：可重构智能表面；通感一体化；波束成形；反射相移；权衡优化；6G

Abstract: Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology offers distinct advantages in the design of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems, such as reshaping the wireless signal propagation environment and regulating signal waveforms. This paper systematically reviews the latest research advances in beamforming design for RIS-assisted ISAC systems. Typical optimization algorithms and corresponding application performance of existing beamforming schemes are summarized and analyzed from three perspectives: passive RIS, active RIS, and hybrid RIS. Meanwhile, the technical challenges confronted in beamforming design for RIS-assisted ISAC systems are dissected. Finally, future research trends in this field are prospected from four aspects: intelligent beamforming, security and privacy optimization, energy efficiency optimization, and near-field propagation beamforming design, so as to provide references for relevant subsequent optimization design.

Keywords: reconfigurable intelligent surface; integrated sensing and communications; beamforming design; reflection phase shift; trade-off optimization; 6G