突破无线移动通信蜂窝覆盖限制的路径探讨

摘要：无线移动通信覆盖呈现人口密集区域过覆盖、低空立体空域欠覆盖、远域远海无覆盖的非均衡格局。传统蜂窝覆盖已难以满足密集化、立体化及广域按需覆盖需求。本文围绕如何突破移动通信系统平面蜂窝覆盖局限，阐述从信号覆盖到容量覆盖、从平面覆盖到立体覆盖、从固定覆盖到广域按需覆盖的技术途径，探讨密集无线移动网络中的重叠覆盖干扰管控规律、多棱柱立体覆盖结构、卫星系统和地面移动网络融合的广域按需覆盖等关键技术与基本原理，形成了广域立体密集无线移动通信覆盖体系，最后展望了该体系进一步增强的研究方向。

关键词：无线覆盖；密集干扰管控；立体覆盖结构；融合覆盖方法

Abstract: Wireless mobile communication coverage exhibits a highly heterogeneous pattern characterized by over-coverage in densely populated regions, insufficient coverage in low-altitude airspace, and near-zero coverage in remote wide areas. Conventional cellular networks are increasingly inadequate to support the emerging demands for ultra-dense, three-dimensional, and wide-area coverage. This paper focuses on overcoming the inherent limitations of traditional two-dimensional cellular coverage. It investigates key technological pathways, including the evolution from signal-oriented coverage to capacity-oriented coverage, from two-dimensional coverage to three-dimensional coverage, and from fixed coverage to wide-area ubiquitous coverage. Furthermore, we explore the fundamental principles and enabling technologies, including interference management in dense wireless mobile networks, three-dimensional coverage structures based on multiple-prism architectures, and wide-area coverage enabled by the combination of mobile core networks and satellite systems. The wireless coverage architecture for wide 3D dense wireless mobile communication systems is established. Finally, future research directions to enhance the capability of the coverage architecture are discussed.

Keywords: wireless coverage; interference management in dense networks; three-dimensional coverage structure; integrated coverage scheme