6G无蜂窝大规模MIMO关键技术研究进展

摘要：在6G标准化商用初期（Day 1），无蜂窝技术受到了广泛关注。系统梳理了面向6G的无蜂窝通信所涉及的关键支撑技术，包括分布式收发机架构、信道信息获取与测量机制、频谱资源融合与灵活双工设计，以及分布式资源管理策略等。在此基础上，提出了一种基于数字孪生增强的无蜂窝传输优化方法，进一步提升了系统性能。同时，展示了面向高频段的无蜂窝大规模多天线（MIMO）试验验证结果，验证了相干联合传输在实际系统中的可行性。最后，探讨了无蜂窝大规模MIMO与通感一体化融合的潜在研究方向，为未来系统设计提供了新思路。

关键词：6G；无蜂窝大规模MIMO；大规模协作收发点

Abstract: Cell-free technology has attracted considerable attention during the Day 1 technical discussions of 6G standardization. Key enabling technologies for cell-free systems in 6G standardization are systematically reviewed, including distributed transceiver design, channel state information acquisition and measurement, spectrum fusion and flexible duplex design, as well as distributed resource allocation strategies. Building on this foundation, a digital twin-enhanced optimization method for cell-free transmission is proposed to further improve system performance. Experimental results for high-frequency cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) are presented, which validate the feasibility of coherent joint transmission in practical systems. Finally, potential research directions for the integration of cell-free massive MIMO with integrated sensing and communication are discussed, offering new insights for future system design.

Keywords: 6G; cell-free massive MIMO; large-scale cooperative transmission and reception point