赵亚军
1,2，章嘉懿
3，艾渤
3
（1. 移动网络和移动多媒体技术国家重点实验室，中国 深圳 518057；2. 中兴通讯股份有限公司，中国 深圳 518057；3. 北京交通大学 轨道交通控制与安全国家重点实验室，中国 北京 100044）
摘要：作为最具发展潜力的5G-Adv和6G关键技术之一，可重构智能表面（RIS）具有低成本、低复杂度和易于部署等特点，为发展智能高铁通信提供了新的契机。介绍了RIS辅助的智能高铁通信的典型应用，包括抑制多普勒频移效应、解决频繁切换问题、克服高穿透损耗问题和支持高精度列车定位。深入讨论了RIS辅助的智能高铁通信中的关键技术，包括信道测量与建模、信道估计与反馈、波束赋形、网络架构与部署。认为智能高铁新基建与RIS构建的电磁新基建的结合，未来将会给智能高铁带来广阔的技术及产业前景。
关键词：智能高铁；智能超表面；多普勒频移；穿透损耗；列车定位；信道估计；波束赋型
Applications of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface in Smart High Speed Train Communications
ZHAO Yajun1,2, ZHANG Jiayi3, AI Bo3
(1. State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology, Shenzhen 518057, China; 2. ZTE Corporation, Shenzhen 518057, China; 3. State Key Lab of Rail Traffic Control & Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China)
Abstract: Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is one of the most promising technologies for 5G-Adv and 6G. It has the characteristics of low cost, low complexity, and easy deployment, which provides a new opportunity to develop intelligent high-speed rail communications. The typical applications of RIS-assisted smart high-speed railway communications are introduced in detail, including suppressing the Doppler shift effect, solving frequent handoff problems, overcoming high penetration loss problems, and supporting high-precision train positioning. The key technologies of RIS-assisted smart HST communications are discussed in-depth, including channel measurement and modeling, channel estimation and feedback, beamforming, network architecture, and network deployment. It is believed that the combination of the new intelligent high-speed railway infrastructure and the new electromagnetic infrastructure built by RIS will bring broad technological and industrial prospects to the intelligent high-speed railway in the future.
Keywords: smart high-speed train; reconfigurable intelligent surface; doppler frequency shift; penetration loss; train positioning; channel estimation; beamforming
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