低开销智能反射面辅助无线通信研究综述

摘要：智能反射面（RIS）为无线网络注入新型绿色资源，但也附加新的组网开销，成为制约其实际应用的关键。在考虑开销的基础上，RIS是否依然能够发挥其赋能无线通信的潜在价值、如何降低RIS开销，以及如何减小RIS开销的影响，是亟待探索的根本问题。对低开销RIS辅助无线通信进行了系统综述，梳理了RIS开销模型，包括RIS通信开销模型和RIS电路开销模型，分析了开销问题对RIS协助无线网络性能的负面影响，并整理了5种常见的低开销方案。结合6G网络发展趋势，对未来亟待解决的RIS开销问题及相关研究方向进行了总结。本研究有助于激发RIS的无线赋能潜力，从而推进RIS技术在更多场景中的应用。

关键词：智能反射面；低开销设计；信道估计；信道反馈；相位配置；功耗开销

Abstract: Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) are new green resources for wireless networks, but still bring in extra networking overhead, which may seriously limit their performance in practical networks. Based on these considerations, it is important to study whether and how RIS can still enhance wireless communication performance, and how to mitigate the impact of RIS overhead. A systematic review of low-overhead RIS-assisted wireless communication is presented.  Two models of the RIS overheads are introduced, including communication overhead and circuit power consumption of the RIS. The corresponding impact on the communication performance is analyzed, then five low-overhead solutions are introduced. Finally, in line with the development trends of 6G networks, the unresolved issues are summarized and the corresponding research directions that need urgent attention in the future are envisioned. Our work will contribute to inspiring the potential of RIS-assisted wireless communication and promote RIS’s application in more scenarios.

Keywords: reconfigurable intelligent surfaces; low-overhead design; channel estimation; channel feedback; phase configuration; power consumption