超高速率超大容量建设用光纤技术

[摘要] 超高速率、超大容量、超长距离的光纤传输技术是解决通信网未来带宽需求的关键技术之一。在系统单信道速率向100 Gb/s甚至1 Tb/s演进过程中，传统的G.652.D低水峰光纤仍将发挥重要作用。超高速率超大容量光纤通信在器件、调制格式、接收检测方式等方面的创新，对通信光纤的性能提出了新的要求。进一步降低光纤损耗可以延长中继距离；大有效面积光纤可以提高注入信道光功率，降低非线性效应，提高链路光信噪比（OSNR）。多芯光纤和少模光纤，可以增加空分复用维度，是未来突破光纤香农极限的研究方向之一。

[关键词] 光纤通信；超低损耗光纤；大有效面积光纤；少模光纤；多芯光纤

[Abstract] Ultrahigh-speed, ultralarge-capacity, ultralong-haul transmission are key to solving bandwidth shortage problems. As transmission speeds approach 100Gbit/s or even 1Tbit/s per channel, the standard G.652.D low-water peak fiber will still be important in high-speed, long-haul systems. New requirements on the optical fiber have emerged because modulation methods have evolved, and new innovations have been made in coherent detection and devices. The repeater distance can be increased by further decreasing the optical fiber attenuation coefficient. The nonlinear coefficient decreases as the effective area increases in the large effective area fiber (LEAF). The OSNR of the fiber can be improved by increasing the input channel signal power. Multicore fiber and few-mode fiber can be used in space-division multiplex to avoid problems related to the Shannon limit.

[Keywords] optical fiber telecommunication; ultralow-loss fiber; large effective area fiber; few-mode fiber; multicore fiber