左世元，范戎飞
（北京理工大学，中国 北京 100081）
摘要：准确及时的信道估计对实现高铁应用场景中的高吞吐量毫米波通信具有重要作用。然而，由于列车高速移动，信道条件变化迅速，频繁测量将带来巨大开销。针对上述问题，利用列车与基站间信道到达角（AoA）与出发角（AoD）经常性连续变化、偶发性骤变的特征，设计AoA与AoD连续变化跟踪与骤变检测算法。在信道AoA与AoD变化符合预期时基于角度先验信息测量部分信道参数，在AoA与AoD发生骤变时第一时间报警并通知系统重新测量信道整体参数。设计的收发机波束成型算法可提升AoA与AoD变化跟踪与骤变检测的性能。提出的混合方案可有效降低高速移动条件下的毫米波信道估计信令开销。
关键词：高铁；毫米波通信；信道估计
Channels Estimation for mmWave Communications under High-Speed Mobility
ZUO Shiyuan, FAN Rongfei
(Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China)
Abstract: Accurate and timely channel estimation plays an important role in realizing high-throughput millimeter wave communication in high-speed train application scenarios. However, due to the high-speed movement of trains, the channel conditions change rapidly, and frequent measurements will bring huge overhead. Aiming at the above problems, based on the characteristics of frequent continuous changes and occasional sudden changes in the channel of the angle of arrival (AoA) and the angle of departure (AoD) between the train and the base station, the AoA and AoD continuous changes tracking and sudden changes detection algorithms are designed. When the AoA and AoD changes are in line with expectations, some parameters of the channel are measured based on the angle prior information, and when the AoA and AoD change suddenly, they will be alerted and notified to remeasure the overall channel parameters. The transceiver beamforming algorithm is designed to improve the performance of the tracking of AoA and AoD continuous changes and the detection of sudden changes. Through the hybrid scheme in this paper, the overhead of millimeter wave channel estimation signaling can be effectively reduced under high-speed mobile conditions.
Keywords: high-speed train; millimeter wave; channel estimation
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